THE PAST TENSE

TEAM  1

 The Past Tense (Pasado)

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Enlace para descargarte esta clase. Nota: Hay un error. Donde dice "predicado" hay que entender "complemento", no "predicado".



En inglés para hablar en pasado empleamos dos tipos de verbos:

Los verbos regulares: Son los verbos acabados en "ed", por ejemplo: I worked [aiguorkt]. Yo trabajé. I studied [aisstadid]. Yo estudié. Para saber cómo se pronuncian los verbos regulares haz click aquí.

Los verbos irregulares: Son los verbos que aparecen recogidos en una lista de tres columnas y cuya pronunciación hay que aprenderse de memoria (infinitive/past/participle). Por ejemplo: "do" [du] hacer. You did it [iudIdIt].Tú lo hiciste.



TEAM 2

Estructura: Sujeto + verbo en "Past Tense" + complemento.

Ejemplo 1: I woke up at seven o'clock yesterday [aiguokap at sevn oclock iesterdei]. (Yo) me desperté a las siete ayer.



Ejemplo 2: She studied [shisstadid] Spanish. Ella estudió/estudiaba español.



Ejemplo 3: It worked(Itguorkt]. Funcionó/funcionaba. (Una máquina, por ejemplo).



Ejemplo 4: They lived in Paris [deilIvdInPeris]. Ellos/Ellas vivieron/vivían en Paris.

¿Cómo se niega con el "Past Tense"?

Estructura negación: Sujeto + did not (didn't) + verbo principal en infinitivo siempre + complemento. (El verbo auxiliar did es igual para todas las personas.)

Ejemplo 1: They didn't work hard. [Dei didn'tguork hard]. Ellos/Ellas no trabajaron duro.



Ejemplo 2: She didn't live here [Shi dIdn'tlIvhiir]. Ella no vivió aquí.

¿Cómo se pregunta con el "Past Tense"?

Estructura preguntas: Did+ sujeto + verbo siempre en infinitivo + complemento?

Ejemplo 1: Did you study? [DIdiusstadi?] ¿Estudiasté (tú)?



Ejemplo 2: Did she live here? [DIdshilIvhiir?] ¿Vivió (ella) aquí?



Repaso de las estructuras:

Positivo	Sujeto+ Verbo en "Past Tense"+ complemento.
Negativo	Sujeto + did not (didn't) + verbo principal en infinitivo siempre+ predicado.
Pregunta	Did+ sujeto + verbo principal en infinitivo+complemento+?

Recuerda: - Para negar y preguntar en pasado se utiliza el verbo auxiliar "Did" [dId] para todas las personas. -El verbo "Did" es un verbo auxiliar (no significa hacer) y, por tanto, NUNCA debe utilizarse conjuntamente con el verbo "to be". Por ejemplo: No se dice: "Didn't are." (incorrecto), sino "You weren't." (correcto).

TEAM 3

Past Simple

 

Basic form

Subject + Verb (past form)

Quick examples

• I was sleepy.
• He didn't learn any Italian when he was in Italy two year ago.
• I went to the cinema, bought popcorn and watched a movie.

We use the Past Simple to talk about actions that happened at a specific time in the past. The actions can be short or long. There can be a few actions happening one ofter another.

Use

1. Events in the past that are now finished
2. Situation in the past
3. A series of actions in the past

Use 1: Past actions that are now finished

The first use of the Past Simple to express actions that happened at a specific time in the past. The actions can be short [1] or long [2].

• John cut his finger last week. [1]
• I went to college 3 years ago. [2]
• He ate the dinner 1 hour ago. [1]
• I slept well last night. [2]

Use 2: Situation in the past

Another use of this tense is talk about situations in the past.

• I lived in New York for 10 years (I don't live there anymore).

Use 3: A series of actions in the past

The Past Simple can also be used with a few actions in the past happening one after another.

• He entered a room, lit a cigarette and smiled at the guests.

Form

Forming a sentence in the Past Simple is easy. To form a declarative sentence, all you need is the subject of the sentence (e.g. I, you, he, a dog) and the past form of your verb (e.g. was, talked, swam). Questions and negative sentences are only a little more difficult, because they require an auxiliary verb.



TEAM 4
Let’s remember the Simple Present Tense with the verb to be
FIGURA 1

It is quite simple. We DO NOT use auxiliaries (do, does, don’t and doesn’t) To form the negative we just add the “not” and for questions we just switch the SUBJECT and the VERB TO BE.



TEAM  5

I was in my classroom yesterday.
You were there, too.
He was at a movie last night.
She was at home.
This cantaloupe was in my garden this morning. It was delicious.
We were at school yesterday. (I + you = we)	I  you
You were on this website earlier.
They were outside in the snow.

TEAM 6 

Description

The past tense of "to be" is used to join a subject with a word or words that tell something about the subject that happened in the past. We often use words such as "yesterday" or phrases such as "last week" or "last year" to indicate when something happened in the past .

The verb "be" is an irregular verb. We use "was" with a singular pronoun or noun and "were" with a plural pronoun or noun. An exception to this is the pronoun "you" which always uses "were".

Positive

I was You were He was She was It was We were You were They were

Examples:

I was a student.

The baby was tired.

She was fat.

You were sick.

It was a fast car.

We were wet.

You were friends.

The janitors were happy.

TEAM 7

Forming Past Tense Verbs

To form past tense verbs, it’s helpful to remember these rules:

• Simple Form: Although most past tense verbs end in -ed, certain verbs have irregular past tense forms that do not follow this rule.
• Past Progressive Form: Use was/were with the verb form ending in -ing.
• Past Perfect Form: Use had with the past participle of the verb.
• Past Perfect Progressive Form: This tense is most often created by using had been and the present perfect of the verb (most often the verb form ending in -ing).

Be, have, and do are the most commonly used irregular verbs, but ESL  has a large list of English verbs with irregular past tense forms. Unfortunately, memorizing these irregular verbs is the only way to completely master the past tense